Precast concrete walls are often connected to each other to form part of the structure.  The usual way of achieving this is to use an insitu stitch.  It is possible to provide projecting reinforcement loops that interlock with similar bars in the adjacent unit.  However, these cause difficulty in formwork and are normally replaced by commercial systems using flexible wire loops.  These loops are contained in a box which is attached to the inside of the formwork.  The depth of the box is normally shallow enough to allow fitting within the reinforcement cover zone.  After casting and stripping, the cover is removed from the box and the wire loops pulled out.

There are several suppliers of such systems, and the profiles vary.  Some systems are in the form of individual ‘boxes’, and some are in the form of a long ‘rail’.  Profiles also vary, with some types creating a shear key to transfer forces across the joint.  The amount of concrete outside the shear key profile is important also.

Once positioned, the loops overlap each other.  It is important that the loops are set out so that they overlap as shown rather than clash with each other. 
A reinforcing bar is then introduced through both sets of loops, and the void is grouted. 

Since the loops and reinforcement bar are fully embedded in grout, then they are protected from fire.

Loop systems can be used to form joints in a variety of configurations as shown in the examples below.

Load capacities depend on several factors including the number/spacing of loops, wall thickness, and concrete strength.  Typically, one loop will take some 14 kN (factored) in tension.  Forces in more than one direction may have an effect on each other, and manufacturers’ tables or software should be referred to.